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and were required to show up for their two months of active duty at the time and in the order that their class was called up. An online listing of officers in the Only in a few instances did her armed vessels pass beyond the Capes of the Delaware into the Atlantic. The names of those who actually turned out for muster duty would then appear on company muster rolls listing the men in their new arrangement. Within each county, the colonels drew lots for their individual rank, which was then assigned to their battalion as First Battallion, Second Battalion, Third Battalion, etc. Soon, the British regiment marched into view. The regiment participated in the unsuccessful defense of New York City and was captured in part at Fort Washington (16 Nov., 1776). Refusal to turn out for military exercises would result in a fine, the proceeds from which were used to hire substitutes. The regiment was organized June 1775 as Maj. Timothy Bedel's Corps of Rangers . The Pennsylvania Council of Safety prescribes that there will be ten companies, "eight of them armed with muskets and the other two with riffles." After exchanging fire in the area of Chadd's Ford, The PSR, as part of General Greene's division move to meet the main British assault. When the army was reorganized on January 1, 1776, the Battalion was renamed the 1st Continental Regiment of Foot. Revolutionary Soldiers, thanks again Ed Carsons In April of 1781, Robinson's Rangers had already been involved, as General Potter stated in his letter xiv in a "sharp engagement at Bald Eagle Creek." Little is known of that particular engagement, and perhaps it is the same one related by Van Campen, later. Somewhat similarly, at the end of the war arrearages and allowances due were met by issuing to each soldier still in the service a number of interest-bearing Final Settlements, also called The Regiment was authorized on March 6, 1776 in the Pennsylvania State Troops as the Pennsylvania State Musketry Battalion. Though they held military titles, these were actually civilian officers not to be confused with the military officers holding the same ranks in the Continental Army. He was an able leader with a reputation of taking care of the welfare of his men. After spending the winter of 1777-1778 at Valley Forge with the other regiments of the Pennsylvania Line, the 11th Pennsylvania took part in the campaign across New Jersey which followed. The Regiment was authorized on April 8, 1777 in the Pennsylvania State Troops as Capt. Relieved on November 14, 1776 from St. Clair's Brigade and assigned to the. As with all his previous battles, he was on his own with this fight. In formal battles it provided unblemished flank security, but it was even better in rear battle by conducting deep raids against British logistical bases. An attempt to move the cannon and depress the muzzles led to the crews being run off by the highly accurate fire of the sharpshooters. (these are free with registration) Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 from National Archives (NARA) microfilm publication M246. Seventy men, thirty of whom were sharpshooters, were dispatched to ride ahead to secure and hold the Lower Bridge under Major James. John Doyle's Independent Rifle Company. The Regiment was authorized on January 4, 1776 in the Continental Army as the 6th Pennsylvania Battalion. Membership in the Associators differed greatly from membership the militia, for, technically, enrollment in the Associators was voluntary, while membership in the militia was strictly compulsory with the obligation legally defined. The traditional ranger usage reached its peak during the French and Indian War. Relieved on July 22, 1778 from the 3rd Pennsylvania Brigade and assigned to the 2nd Pennsylvania Brigade, and element of the, Reorganized on January 1, 1783 at Philadelphia, to consist of 9 companies, and assigned to the. March 5, 1776 The Pennsylvania House of Representatives passes a resolution to establish: The Pennsylvania State Rifle Regiment, know as Miles's Regiment, was to consist of two battalions of six companies of seventy-eight enlisted men, armed with rifles: The State Battalion of Musketry, known as Atless's Battalion, was to consist of eight companies of fifty-eight enlisted men, armed with muskets. The Regiment was authorized on January 22, 1777 in the Continental Army as Capt. This was the decisive point of the campaign that required Marion to attack. This collection is from Record Group 93, War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records, and is National Archives Microfilm publication M246. In fact, Major General Friedrich von Steuben wrote a separate drill manual for them in late 1780. In the mid 1700s, Capt. Relieved on November 18, 1776 from St. Clair's Brigade. The 7th Pennsylvania was present at Whitemarsh but did not fight. The regiment would see action during the Battle of Valcour Island, Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth and the Battle of Springfield. Armand's remained a shell during 1781, but Lee had great success in the Carolinas carrying out those specific missions for which the 3-3 mix of mounted and dismounted troops had been designed. Revolutionary War Re-Enactors. For Bucks County, information has also been provided from the returns for the Committee of Safety (the Associators) for 1775. Pulaski's Independent Legion. In December, the 2nd Pennsylvania returned to Morristown for another winter. [1] For a full account of the social factors and legislation that this article draws from, see Arthur J. Alexander, "Pennsylvania's Revolutionary Militia," Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, 69:1 (January 1945 ), 15-25. The regiment was authorized in December, 1775 as the 5th Pennsylvania Battalion. Other than the regiments and separate companies of riflemen from Pennsylvania and the states to the south, who really functioned as light infantry rather than rangers, the Continental Army only formed two functional ranger units. The original 8th Pennsylvania Regiment was formed in July 1776 of men from Westmoreland and Bedford counties in western Pennsylvania. 14 cemeteries found within kilometers of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. And, they were still separate from the militias sanctioned by Pennsylvania's Provincial Assembly. October 4, 1777 Battle of Germantown. Lower Bridge was only twelve miles away. Consolidated on November 6, 1777 with the, Bayard's Philadelphia Associators Regiment, Cadwalader's Philadelphia Associators Regiment, Matlack's Philadelphia Associators Rifle Battalion, Morgan's Philadelphia Associators Regiment, Moulder's Philadelphia Associators Artillery Company, Klotz's Lancaster County Militia Regiment, McAllister's York County Militia Regiment, Montgomery's Cumberland County Militia Regiment, Watt's Cumberland County Militia Regiment. Organized in spring 1777 at Philadelphia to consist of 8 companies from Philadelphia City and Berks, Chester, Philadelphia and Northumberland Counties. Pleased with James deployment, Marion reinforced him with an additional company and moved to a reserve position to the rear and out of sight. With knowledge of the land, James and his men were able to secure the bridge before the arrival of Watsons dragoons. Much of the information provided below was extracted by former archivist Henry James Young, and also possibly by archivist Marvin Schlegel, during the 1940s and 1950s from published entries in the various series of the At least one company of the regiment joined in the assaults on the Chew House and lost a number of men. Sullivan in his campaign against the Iroquois in western Pennsylvania. Morgans losses were placed at twelve killed and sixty-one wounded. Organized between January 8- March 20, 1776 at Carlisle to consist of 8 companies from Cumberland and York Counties. The two dismounted troops armed and equipped as light infantry provided a defensive element to protect the camp from enemy surprise attack, and also provided a base of fire around which the mounted elements could maneuver. The 7th Pennsylvania marched with Brig. Most crucial to the American Revolutionary War effort was the fact that between 15 August 1780 and 8 September 1781, Marion and his men alone held eastern South Carolina from the British. Organized in spring 1777 at Philadelphia to consist of 8 companies from York, Bucks, Northampton and Northumberland Counties. Volume Reel 0821 American Revolutionary War Service Records; Soldiers--United States--Registers Pennsylvania, Sixth Battalion (1776) Sixth Regiment: L - Z. All males aged 20 to 45 - including immigrants seeking citizenship - had to register for the draft. Proudly founded in 1681 as a place of tolerance and freedom. This account has been disabled. and assigned to the. By March 30, four of the companies had arrived at the American lines in front of Quebec, but before the remainder could come up the attack on the city was abandoned and the battalion started the slow retreat back to New York. The structure of the legionary corps focused on providing close reconnaissance and security patrols for a field army although various operational and manpower problems hampered most of the regiments from achieving complete success. On October 14, under pressure from the British rejoined the main force at Ticonderoga. The American leadership stressed the ideas of Maurice, comte de Saxe and the comte de Guibert, two leading French military theorists, which advocated cross-training every soldier to perform both line or light infantry roles to allow mission flexibility. The tranditional ranger usage had only limited application during that later war. The militia did provide a significant defensive force patrolling the south side of the Schuylkill River and engaged in occasional clashes with British outposts and scouting parties including heavy skirmishes at Whitemarsh on December 7. In 1776, the state's Provincial Assembly was replaced by a General Assembly and a new Pennsylvania constitution. As we continue to get closer to a complete collection of The Pennsylvania Archives, we find more interesting facts. Colonel Brodhead is placed in command of the consolidated forces and ordered by General Washington to withdraw to Manhattan. Watson and his men remained where they were, subsisting off the plantation, gathering from those homes around them anything else they needed. The Regiment was authorized on March 6, 1776 in the Pennsylvania State Troops as the Pennsylvania State Rifle Regiment. Though the act provided exemptions for members of the Continental Congress, Pennsylvania's Supreme Executive Council, Supreme Court judges, masters and teachers of colleges, ministers of the Gospel, and indentured servants, as a practical matter anyone could avoid serving either by filing an appeal to delay their service for a period of time or by paying a fine to hire a substitute. Many men listed on company rosters never drilled, and tens of thousands enrolled in the militia never experienced a single day of active duty. Exercise Fine. Following the British practice of calling a regiment after its commander, this battalion came to be called Thompson's Rifle Battalion. Relieved on April 27, 1776 from Green's Brigade and assigned to the. These active duty rolls could be distinguished from the permanent billet rolls by the fact that instead of being listed by individual classes as they were in the permanent rolls, the names of the men were here listed under the name of the company captain. The regiment was assigned to the 3d Pennsylvania Brigade of the Main Continental Army on 27 May 1777. The Pennsylvania Line: Regimental Organization and Operations, 1776-1783 by John B.B. December 19, 1777 - After an encampment of almost six weeks at Whitemarsh, Pennsylvania the army moved into its winter quarters at Valley Forge where they would remain for the next six months. Organized spring 1777 at York, Pennsylvania, with personnel from York County. The second type of service was duty on the frontier in Northumberland, Northampton, Bedford and Westmoreland counties. The following is a brief explanation of the differences between these branches of service. The situation was not good. The four regiments of light dragoons raised in 1777 as a reconnaissance force derived from European developments in light cavalry during the eighteenth century. Rangers committed to prolonged enlistment periods and rather than fight the war for independence, they patrolled Pennsylvania's western frontier, often fending off Indian attacks. Pennsylvania, The 6th Pennsylvania was then posted there for the next three months and was involved in several brushes with the British. Comment: Adapted here with some reformating, and standardization, Links to person articles to be added as they come available. The regiment never recruited the Indian component, and changes in British operations led to the transformation of the white elements into normal infantry. Many of the men who served in 1776 reenlisted and to these were added new recruits to fill out the regiment. But they were engaged with one of the finest regiments in the British army and, thus, in the world. The cat and mouse advance continued on the far bank. Mifflinburg, Most of the service rendered by members of the Pennsylvania Militia fell into one of three categories. Joshua Huddy, who was every bit as feared by loyalists as Tye was by patriots. Redesignated on September 16, 1776 as the 12th Pennsylvania Regiment. Watson rode back to rally his men only to have his horse shot from under him. Here the regiment shared the sufferings of the Continental Line, trained in Von Steuben's new manual of arms and brought itself up to strength. January to June 1777 - During this period the unit was reorganized as the 6th Regiment with Colonel Henry Bicker as its commander. Men who served with Regiment and continued their service saw action at Yorktown and mopping up operations in South Carolina. The men elected new officers at this time and the militia battalions were renumbered according to the relative seniority of their commanders. Re-designated on January 1, 1776 as the 1st Continental Regiment. Swearingen resigned from the service in August 1779 and settled in Washington County, Pa., where he owned a handful of slaves and became the county's first sheriff two years later. 3, 1964): 161-230 was well as the historical background section below. For the 2nd Class, the colonel of the 2nd Battalion, lieutenant colonel of the First Battalion, and major of the 4th Battalion entered service in command of the 2nd Class active-duty battalion. Unfortunately, neither this stick nor the carrot achieved the desired results. Though titled Rangers by Washington and a grateful American people, Morgans Rangers were not, in essence, Rangers in the sense of the uniquely trained, motivated, and challenged soldier. When active service occurred, it would have been for only sixty days at a time. By the end of October, the unit had suffered substantially from all the fighting, including the loss of Williams who was captured at Germantown. John Pugh's Independent Company to guard Powder Mill at French Creek. September 11, 1777 - Stirling's Division takes part in the action on the right of Washington's army during the battle of Brandywine. When the American Revolutionary War broke out in 1775, about fifty Loyalist regiments were raised, including the Butler's Rangers, the King's Royal Regiment, and the Maryland and Pennsylvania Loyalists.Robert Rogers again raised a unit, this time in New York (mostly from Loyalists living in Westchester and Long Island), from western Connecticut, and with men from the Queen's Loyal Virginia . In the original concept rangers were full-time soldiers employed by the colonial governments to "range" between fixed frontier fortifications as a reconnaissance system to provide early warning of hostile raids. The regiment would see action during the Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth and the Battle of Springfield. Having suffered so many casualties, by November 1, the 7th Pennsylvania only had 17 officers and 105 men fit for duty. Bucks County Associators and a chart showing how the units were organized is available. The battalion colonels, lieutenant colonels, and majors were called to active duty in a specific order. The distance from bank to bank was the perfect sharpshooter distance, fifty yards. You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. Following a disastrous expedition to Quebec, Canada, and his subsequent capture and parole as a prisoner, Morgan was appointed a colonel of a rifle regiment. Whitcomb's Rangers started as a similar provisional unit on the Lake Champlain front in 1776. To get things off to a spirited start, he dispatched a detachment of sharpshooters across the river to the plantation where Watson and his troops were housed with orders to shoot his sentries and to wreak havoc. They also fought at Bergen Neck. Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission, Revolutionary War Military Abstract Card File, Revolutionary War Pension Files and Related Accounts, Military Pension Accounts and Related Papers, Revolutionary War Soldiers' Claims and Related Papers, Revolutionary War Accounts and Miscellaneous Records (Associators Accounts), Revolutionary War Accounts and Miscellaneous Records (Line Accounts), Revolutionary War Accounts and Miscellaneous Records (Militia 3A Accounts), Revolutionary War Accounts and Miscellaneous Records (Militia 3B Accounts), Revolutionary War Accounts and Miscellaneous Records (Navy Accounts), American Loyalist Claims, [ca. After this, the 7th Pennsylvania spent time in New York and New Jersey watching the British. Re-designated on June 22, 1775 as the Pennsylvania Rifle Regiment. On New Year's Day, 1781, members of the 6th Pennsylvania joined the mutiny of the Pennsylvania regiments then quartered at Morristown. The majority of the Regiment fought with the main army at Brandywine, covered the American retreat at Paoli, attacked at Germantown, and skirmished at Whitemarsh. ?? He is said to have been wounded and taken prisoner at Stillwater, N.Y., during a British-Indian attack on Morgan's camp in September 1777. John Nelson's Independent Rifle Company and assigned to the. There, on January 1, 1781, the mutiny of the Pennsylvania troops took place. The Regiment was authorized on July 16, 1776 in the Continental Army as Capt. Only Elisha Sheldon's 2d Legionary Corps (a Connecticut unit serving in 1781 in the West Point-Westchester County zone) fully exploited the possibilities of the combined arms structure. Marion knew that if he did not continue to press, theyd be back with a vengeance. With France entering the conflict on the side of the new United States in May, the British abandoned Philadelphia and moved across New Jersey to the more easily defended stronghold of New York City. Relieved on May 22, 1777 from Stirling's Brigade and assigned to the 1st Pennsylvania Brigade, an element of the. July to August 1777 - With the rest of Washington's army the 6th Regiment marched back and forth across New Jersey and into New York and Pennsylvania while trying to ascertain the destination of General Howe's army, which had embarked on the British fleet. Becoming a Find a Grave member is fast, easy and FREE. The original commander, Col. John Bull, got into trouble selling furloughs to the men "and other degrading conduct" and was compelled by the other officers to resign. A separate article discussing the various form of military service during this conflict will be added in the near future. The Raid at Cabanatuan, Philippines, 75th Ranger Regiment The Legacy Continues. Undaunted by the destroyed bridge or the rebels fire, the lead guardsmen closed column and plunged across the river. With his cavalry defeated, Watson advanced his guards. Many members of the Pennsylvania Navy were entitled to and received Depreciation pay certificates, and, rather curiously, some were paid off with Certificates of the Funded or Militia Debt. Defense Production Act Title III Presidential Determination for Airbreathing Engines, Advanced Avionics Position Navigation and Guidance Systems, and Constituent Materials for Hypersonic Systems, Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict Co-Hosts the First Irregular Warfare Medical Resiliency Working Group, Secretary Lloyd J. Austin III Message to the Force, Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III Message to the Force, Ranger Assessment & Selection Program How to Become a 75th Ranger, 75 Years Ago Today. The light infantry companies continued under their existing practice of forming provisional battalions for each campaign season. The Regiment then marched to Tappan to bolster the Garrison at Ticonderoga after Arnold's defection. Furloughed on June 11, 1783 at Philadelphia (less 2 companies remaining active at Fort Pitt). Gen. William Maxwell, which was formed for the fall campaign opposing the British approach toward Philadelphia from the south. (these are free with registration) Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 from National Archives (NARA) microfilm publication M246. It was Maxwell's command which fought the delaying action at Iron Hill on September 3, 1777, when Lt. Col. Francis Gurney was wounded. In the meantime, the regiment was commanded by the senior officer present for duty, Maj. William Williams. In January 1780, the Regiment after suffering long and hard service with pay in arrears, poorly fed, and poorly equipped, joined the other Pennsylvania regiments in a mutiny of the Pennsylvania Line at Morristown, New Jersey. On 22 July 1778 the regiment was re-assigned to the 2d Pennsylvania Brigade. At the Battle of Monmouth, on June 28, 1778, it was one of the three Pennsylvania regiments in the force which Aaron Burr led in a late-afternoon assault on the flank of a British counterattacking column. Flying Camp from among the Pennsylvania Associators who took part in the New Jersey campaign in 1776. 1st Continental Regiment. After a settlement was reached, the regiment was furloughed at Trenton on January 17. Various state governments did employ such units for local frontier security, but the Continental Army formed very few, in part because George Washington considered frontier security to be a local responsibility and focused national military forces on opposing regular British and German units in a formal battlefield context. Pennsylvania Long Rifles. It remained at Ticonderoga voluntarily until November 13 (three weeks beyond its term of service) to await the arrival of replacement troops. Under the Militia Act of 1777, the numbering of the militia units changed every three years though the composition of each unit recruited from a given area tended to remain more or less the same except for casualties and new recruits. At Trenton, it was the 1st Continental Regiment (now known as the 1st Pennsylvania Regiment) that cut off the Hessian retreat from Trenton, causing them to surrender. Corps of Invalids. The Regiment was authorized on June 14, 1775 in the Continental Army as 6 separate companies of Pennsylvania Riflemen and assigned to the Main Army. Morgans Corps of Rangers was coming to fruition. Recipe Book - 1705. Translate. Overmyer has not added any memorials to this virtual cemetery. Other units in the Continental Army either used the term ranger in their designation or were commonly called rangers, but did not serve in that capacity in the traditional sense. Please try again later. A system error has occurred. Captain Nathan Hale of this corps gained immortality as a brave but singularly inept spy. Pennsylvania Militia and a chart showing how the units were organized is available. Organized between February 7- March 17, 1776 at Reading, Pennsylvania, with personnel from Berks County. The resulting restructuring of the Pennsylvania Line perpetuated a 2nd Regiment among the state's six reorganized units, with Walter Stewart still in command.