Eighty years ago, the air war over Britain did not start well for the Royal Air Force in a “friendly fire” incident involving Spitfires and Hurricanes. But it wasn’t. What hadn’t dulled over the years was his character: Like many Yorkshiremen he was forthright, funny and fearless in what he said. Immediately following the end of the war, fighter aircraft remained in relatively similar roles. This is what they had to say…. Malan, who was appointed 74 Squadron’s CO on August 8, frequently consulted Freeborn on tactics. Depending on the year, aircraft history and service record, WWII-era Spitfires can fetch anywhere from $1.5 million to almost $7 million. By the outbreak of WWII, the RAF already had a series of Spitfire squadrons based at RAF Duxford (now IWM Duxford). Length: 31 ft. 4 in. For the overwhelming majority of them, they preferred the Spitfire. 1:49. “My confidence didn’t really suffer,” reflected Freeborn of the incident. The Spitfire, Hurricane, and Fw-190, with their “vertical” landing gear and heavier structures, fared much better. Hurricanes from 151 Squadron had also been scrambled, and Sqd. So instead I half rolled, went through some cloud and of course I came out behind him. HistoryNet.com contains daily features, photo galleries and over 5,000 articles originally published in our various magazines. As usual, I asked several members of the public about their opinions on the Spitfire and Hurricane. Byrne had landed and was under close arrest, and when I landed [squadron commander] George Sampson was waiting and I’m under close arrest. During the Battle of Britain, Spitfires were the very public face of the battle. When Britain declared war on Germany on September 3, 1939, the news was greeted with excitement at the home of No. He also added that the Hurricane handled better, although that is rather subjective…. 31 ft. 3 in. Who was the best? One of the aircraft that was submitted was a modernized version of the Type 224, labelled as the the prototype (K5054). In 1934, the RAF’s WWI-era fighters were ageing too much for the RAF and they sought a replacement. Your email address will not be published. Many of the aircraft that downed Bf.109s were Hurricanes, although the Spitfire was the public face of the battle. Both prior and during WWII, the Hurricane and Spitfire were immensely successful aircraft. Spitfire pilots agreed that the plane provided superb maneuverability, while the Hurricane’s maneuverability was just “good.” The Spitfire was armed with four .303 machine guns and two 20mm cannons, while the Hurricane carried four 20mm cannons. Iron was in short supply during the war and it was easier to fix a hole in cloth than metal. He was in B Flight, commanded by Treacy, as was another Irishman, Byrne. As one of the few surviving RAF pilots who had flown night patrols against the Germans, his input was invaluable. We recently compared the P-51 Mustang and Spitfire, where we were inundated with requests for a Hurricane-Spitfire comparison. This aircraft would first fly on November 6 1935, following RAF testing, the Hawker Hurricane would enter service with them in December 1937. One pilot absent from the hard labor was Pilot Officer John Freeborn, a 19-year-old who spoke his mind with a confidence that belied his tender years. “Two of our A/C [aircraft] went down immediately,” he wrote. Several foreign, British-allied nations were also considering the aircraft as well. “Practicing all the time,” he replied. Good speed, climbs great, maneuvers well, accelerates well - where the Hurricane struggles to counter BnZ, the Spit can easily turn the situation completely around in the right hands. Many UK-allied militaries were also evaluating the Hurricane, with Yugoslavia already implementing several Hurricane squadrons. HistoryNet.com is brought to you by Historynet LLC, the world's largest publisher of history magazines. Byrne had shot down the 56 Squadron Hurri­cane flown by Frank Rose, who managed to bail out, but Freeborn had downed his wingman, 26-year-old Pilot Officer Montague Hulton-Harrop, who was dead, the first British pilot combat fatality of the war. In the UK, we are taught about the Battle of Britain as children, with an emphasis being placed on the Spitfire’s contribution. Nonetheless, Freeborn liked Malan well enough to apply for a transfer to his A Flight, and early on the morning of September 6 the South Afri­can led his flight to intercept the approaching hostiles high over Essex. Hawker was one of the manufacturers to do so. There were other strong characters in the squadron: Sgt. emergency power, Hurricane as well as Spitfire, expressed variously as; breaking the wire, pulling the plug, pulling the tit, pushing the throttle through the gate, boost overide, boost cut-out, Emergency, Emergency … It created friction between Malan and myself, but not the rest of the squadron. Written for Malan by some actor friend of his who wrote for films.”, Freeborn died in 2010, the last of 74 Squad­ron’s Battle of Britain aces. Pilot Peter Chesters; Pilot Officer Don Cobden, a huge man who had played rugby for New Zealand; and South African Malan. They couldn’t have cared less. The Spitfire is noticeably faster than the Hurricane, although, sacrifices range for speed. Did that include lying to protect his reputation? I did not follow as many E/A were engaged and I had noted another of our A/C damaged. These aircraft go for anything from $1 to $3 million as of the time of writing. Although the Spitfire has more weapons (almost double what the Hurricane has!) For me, I am torn between both aircraft. In terms of the cost to operate the Spitfire, it costs roughly £2,000 ($2,500) per hour to operate an original Spitfire, or £1,800 ($2,300) for a replica. As well as restorations, several companies also sell replicas of the Hurricane. To do this, they solicited designs from Britain’s aircraft manufacturers for such an aircraft. 3—followed. 74 Squadron members includes Malan (circled in red) and Freeborn (circled in white). It's no wonder that there is no definitive answer to the age-old question that plagues the minds of aviation's die-hard enthusiasts: which was … • Hurricanes had a wooden rear frame covered in fabric and the Spitfire was made completely of metal. He’d gone home [he lived with his wife off base] and dropped us right in the s—.”. In 1939, Hawker Aircraft listed the price of a brand new Hawker Hurricane at £4,000. He soon acquired a reputation for ruthlessness. The most common variant of the Hawker Hurricane is the Hawker Hurricane MK IIC. “He got in the way. The Hurricane is more blunt and "solid". On top of this, the Spitfire has a slightly higher service ceiling, although, this doesn’t make much of a difference. Alongside Hurricanes, some squadrons of Spitfires were placed in France as deterrent. In fact, the Hurricane outnumbered the Spitfire throughout the battle, and shouldered the burden of the defence against the Luftwaffe; however, because of its higher performance, the overall attrition rate of the Spitfire squadrons was lower than that of the Hurricane units, and the Spitfire units had a higher victory-to … The Messhersmidt the german fighter was far better than either british plane. Instead, the inferior biplane Gloster Gladiator was accepted into service. Sir Arthur Stanley Eddington, English astronomer who confirmed Einstein's theory of relativity. Personally, I am British, and have grown up hearing stories about both the Spitfire and the Hurricane, both in my history classes at school and from my father’s military friends. The Hurricane also has a faster rate of climb than the Spitfire does! As a kid my dad made me know what a Hurricane and Spitfire look like. Flight Commander Wilfred “Paddy” Treacy talked him through the controls and then wished the teenager good luck. And where’s Malan? 74 “Tiger” Squadron at RAF Hornchurch, east of … When Germany invaded Yugoslavia in 1941, the Royal Yugoslav Air Force fielded its Hurricanes against the Luftwaffe’s Bf.109s. However, the RAF wanted to preserve its new fleet of Hurricanes, with their primary objective being to withdraw to England. “I would sometimes fly quite close to frighten them, so close the slipstream would hit them and it would blow the parachute all over the place. “They were Germans and they had to go,” he said. By the end of the war, both roles had become distinct from one another. 74 “Tiger” Squadron at RAF Hornchurch, east of London. This feature originally appeared in the November 2019 issue of Aviation History. “As soon as he saw me, he pushed his stick forward, which we [Spitfire pilots] couldn’t do because the engine would stop and it would be some time before the carburetor would be able to flow again. Asked if he followed Adolph "Sailor" Malan’s “Ten Rules for Air Fighting,” John Freeborn, seen atop his Spitfire Mk. The final time we spoke I asked him what it was that had made him such a good pilot. During WWII, a fighter aircraft was any aircraft, who’s sole purpose was to engage (and hence fight) enemy aircraft. Other differences? “I said to the doc, ‘Look at those buggers playing golf and here we are fighting a war.’ I gave them such a s—-ing up and they were lying flat on their faces. That proved too much for John Freeborn. I can see to this day the old farmer who was alongside ploughing, and this 109 went on, straight through his cottage, and he’s shaking his fist at me.”, Having shot down one of his own pilots, it was a relief for Freeborn to dispatch an enemy for whom he felt no pity. “I never did daft things like that, or if you do, you do them properly, not the way he did it.”, A lineup of No. Adrenaline coursed through the pilots as they headed east to intercept aircraft that a searchlight battery had reported approaching the Essex coast at high altitude. The enemy tactics employed in this first instance were, I consider, unsound and based on false premises, and/or lack … This includes maintenance, which often doesn’t come cheap, especially for the authentic item. The Spitfire's is relatively small and curves upward from the top of the fuselage in a smooth curve, while the Hurricane's comes off at a sharper angle. Repositioning to attack from the rear, Byrne dispatched one of the aircraft and Freeborn opened fire on the other with his Spitfire’s eight Browning .303-inch guns, sending it down in flames. “A daft way to die,” reflected Freeborn of his best friend. Several of these bombing runs destroyed Spitfire factories, which sent productio of the Spitfire all over the … Though the Spitfire … When Malan died in 1963 of Parkinson’s disease, The Times of London said in his obituary that he had been an inspiring and unselfish leader in combat and in politics. On top of this, we also interviewed several Hawker Hurricane owners, who told us that it can cost between $10,000 and $25,000 per year to insure a Hurricane with a reputable third party vendor! After all, you could have the best aircraft in the world, but if it costs too much, or you can manufacture ten weaker aircraft for the same amount, numbers will eventually give way. “I made a sharp turn and got directly onto an E/A [enemy aircraft] which I gave a short burst of 2/3 secs and E/A turned and went down. “He was a swine. I, dismissed them as “a lot of rubbish.” (Courtesy of Bob Cossey, 74(F) Tiger Squadron Association). After looking at the Hurricane and Spitfire’s specifications, it may be tempting to draw a conclusion as to which is the better aircraft. During this time, both aircraft served alongside one another in combat, with people often wondering which was better. The final proof is the Hurricane outscored the Spitfire in Battle of Britain kills. Also scrambled were 12 Hawker Hurricanes from No. Thanks to the Spitfire’s service record during WWII, many people have found parts of Spitfires and have restored them to flying condition. He was in poor health and lonely, so he enjoyed talking about old times. Mortimer J. Adler, American philosopher, educator and writer. I would say ‘get in the air’ and they would say, ‘I don’t want to.’ But I did. These aircraft can go for anything from $1 to $3 million. Fortunately, I was able to interview three of them- one who flew the Spitfire, one who flew the Hurricane and one who flew both. On top of this, modern pop culture, through many aviation-themed movies have also distorted the role of modern fighter jets somewhat. As such, hawker privately funded a redesign, looking to make the P.V.3 a monoplane. Freeborn, in comparison, lacked Malan’s diplomacy, and there was probably some envy at the South African’s suave charm. Today, many former RAF Hawker Hurricanes are still flying, with several currently up for sale (as of the time of writing). In modern pounds, this is worth roughly £790,000 ($1,000,000). The RAF fighters made good teammates—except during their first wartime encounter. For most British people, they preferred the Spitfire, with the response being almost instantaneous. This is alongside the Japanese Zero, Soviet Yak-3, North American P-51, German Bf.109 and the French Caudron C.714. As well as restorations, several companies have designed and built replica Spitfires. Freeborn and Malan remained in 74 Squadron despite their mutual dislike. “He wasn’t received very nicely,” said Freeborn of the prime minister. Due to the changing nature of German aircraft, the RAF ordered several variants of the Hurricane and Spitfire to be built. “I got him down with about four bullets from each gun and he just burst into flames,” he recalled. This meant that the Hurricane could turn inside the Spitfire, like a sports car outmaneuvering a sedan–a vital attribute in air combat. None of the 20 fighter pilots had ever been in combat, or even seen a German airplane up close, and this inexperience, ignorance and excitement was about to have fatal consequences. Hurricane : Spitfire : Specifications: Span: 40 ft. 30 ft. Fortunately out of the confusion emerged greater clarity. Savory Mushroom Pie, Hp Chromebook 14 Replacement Charger, Seagull Maritime Sws Cw Sg Q1, What Does Horseradish Sauce Taste Like, Wolffer Rose Table Wine, Bologna Italian Restaurant, New Generation Of The Portuguese Brick Pizza Oven, Leftover Rice Side Dish Recipes, " /> , Hp Chromebook 14 Replacement Charger, … Sailor Malan was 74 Squadron’s ace of aces, finishing the war with 27 victories. “I thought, ‘Bloody hell, I’ve got it all wrong,’ and I went between the hangars at 180 mph.”. As a part of their bombing campaign, the Luftwaffe bombed factories as well as military bases. Zero Report of Combat - 2/3/43 Duration of engagement was approximately eight (8) minutes from the time of first attack on enemy formation, which was well enough disposed for its purposes. Some of these are full size, whilst others are only 2/3 the size. Look at the tail. “I think I would have shot down more if it weren’t for Flinders, the sergeant pilot,” said Freeborn. For the pilot who flew both, he rather controversially said that he preferred the Hurricane. That’s why it didn’t bother me, or anyone else in the squadron, if you weren’t successful during a sortie. I found this article on a website about the Spitfires and the Hurricanes and it talked a little about which one of the planes was better and which one was more of a success. Other Spitfire squadrons were placed strategically in the South of England. Freeborn’s methods upset some of his fellow pilots. However, the RAF weren’t interested in the design. “If there were any aircraft anywhere I hadn’t seen them. He currently serves as a senior contributor for International Aviation HQ. POWs Roger Bushell and Vincent “Paddy” Byrne flank a Luftwaffe guard at Luft Stalag III before the “Great Escape.” (Courtesy of Bob Cossey, 74(F) Tiger Squadron Association), Malan, who reportedly described Freeborn’s actions as “impetuous,” confirmed he had given the order to engage but also claimed that moments later, on realizing his mistake, he had called “friendly aircraft—break away!” Freeborn, Byrne and Flinders all said they never heard the counterorder. He wouldn’t give us any more money. “I was in the middle of 30 or so bloody Germans and it felt good to give the Germans some stick of their own.”, That evening Winston Churchill arrived at 74 Squadron to congratulate the pilots for their achievements. Both aircraft are the same height, with the Hurricane being only mildly longer and wider. Had Flinders not intervened, Freeborn probably would have also shot down a Bristol Blenheim he believed to be a German bomber. (Courtesy of Bob Cossey, 74(F) Tiger Squadron Association), Freeborn did do the odd daft thing in the war, on one occasion buzzing two golfers on a local links course. 56 Squadron embark on a mission from North Weald. In 1939, Supermarine Aircraft, then a division of Vickers-Armstrong, listed the price for one Supermarine Spitifre at £12,604. “They went to school together, they both came from Dublin and they fought a lot,” recalled Freeborn. I watched him go down to 5,000 ft before breaking off due to being short of petrol and ammunition. Your email address will not be published. Hurricanes were the primary aircraft used against the Luftwaffe during the evacuation of Dunkirk. I was shouting at him to get out of the bloody way, either shoot or let me shoot it. Freeborn broke off the attack with a sense of euphoria, believing he had just shot down his first German. I flew all the time. But then he said, ‘It’s one of ours.’ When the adrenaline is running, you don’t realize these things. The role of WWII fighter aircraft differ greatly from modern fighter aircraft. To most British people, the Spitfire is the most iconic aircraft of WWII, just as how the P-51 is to Americans and the Bf.109 is to Germans. Freeborn was in his mid-80s when I got to know him, living by himself in northwest England, having outlived two wives. In 1931, the RAF wanted a new fighter, soliciting aircraft manufacturers to send in new designs. “I was teaching the doctor to fly, as all medical officers were permitted to fly, and there were two blokes playing golf,” he explained. “I caught this one knocking bloody seven bells out of a Spitfire over Dunkirk,” he remembered of the Messerschmitt Me-109E he encountered on the French coast. Yellow Section—Flying Officer Vincent “Paddy” Byrne; his no. Ldr. However, we also need to look at something else: cost. A Hawker Hurricane Mk. Malan wasn’t liked. Number one attack. The fighter plane the Spitfire was faster than the Hurricane, but the Hurricane was more manouvreble.My friends in Britain who flew in that battle, said in the end it was sheer numbers that beat the enemy. loaded: 7300 lbs. Hurricanes of RAF No. Although skeptical, the RAF was interested in the fighter, believing that if it could be mass-produced, it would continue Britain’s tradition of being the strongest military in the world (at the time). Out of the fifty people I spoke to, roughly 45 of them said the Spitfire, with most of it being almost instantaneous. Both were designed under different circumstances and both played a crucial role in the Battle of Britain in 1940. Required fields are marked *. I gave him a squirt or two and he hit a telegraph pole with his prop and it knocked him to pieces. 940: RAF Hurricanes Spitfires August 21st 1940 615 326 August 30th 1940 580 287 September 8th 1940 530 275 September 15th 1940 472 256 October 2nd 1940 482 281 October 18th 1940 512 285 Battle of Britain RAF losses – July Destroyed Damaged Pilots killed Pilots missing Pilots wounded Hurricane 33 17 … “Malan was just married, always broke, always borrowing money,” he said. “I would sometimes fly quite close to frighten them, so close the slipstream would hit them and it would blow the parachute all over the place. Occasionally, these other aircraft were bombers, but were also other fighter aircraft. The Spitfire and the Hurricane are like night and day. Unfortunately, the enemy aircraft supposedly sighted by the searchlight battery did not exist. The terrified golfers were a pair of wing commanders, and Freeborn received a reprimand for his prank. So the right combination would be either the P-51D, Vs the Spitfire LF Mk.IX, or P-51H, Vs the Mk.24. The Royal Air Force's preferred tactic was to deploy the Hurricanes against formations of … The two men were ferociously strong characters, and the two best pilots in the squadron, as they proved once the Phoney War ended and Germany invaded the Low Countries in May 1940. Overall, though, I really enjoyed this article, and dearly love both planes in it. Weight: 7200 lbs. During WWI, Pemberton-Billing (the forerunner of Supermarine) had produced a series of fighter aircraft and bombers. The remaining people spoke about how the Hurricane was the workhorse of the RAF during the Battle of Britain. The Merlin powered Hurricane and Spitfire were instrumental in neutralizing the German Luftwaffe's attempt to gain air superiority over Britain, reducing the effectiveness of German bombing and preventing an Axis invasion. The paper also hinted at Malan’s other side in describing “his coldly calculating attitude” as a pilot. At 11am on the 11th November, we mark the anniversary of the Armistice, declared to end the First World War in 1918. The Spitfire and Bf 109E were well-matched in speed and agility, and both were somewhat faster than the Hurricane. In my 2012 Quadrant essay Hermann Goering and the burning of the Bialowieza I made a comment that at the start of the war the Luftwaffe’s Messerschmitt 109 fighter was about on a par with the RAF’s Spitfire, but superior to the Hurricane. Trainer variants discarded, all combat variants of both the aircraft require only one crew member- the pilot. Woodrow Wilson, 28th president of the United States. Combat reports, official documents and literature of the period are replete with accounts of pilots using +12 lbs. These could serve as protective aircraft for both France and Britain in case of a German incursion or invasion of either country. Dad used his Aeroplane Spotter's to teach me. Re: Spitfire vs Hurricane - comparison Hurricane had the lowest wing loading at 23lb ft sq and higher lift profile and so could do the tightest sustained turns. Although Freeborn and Malan despised one another, they shared a mutual respect for their flying ability. In the inter-war period, Hawker had continued to produce military aircraft on a reduced scale as well as racing and general aviation aircraft. To subscribe, click here! He was a bully.”. And that is NOT a carburetor (carburettor in British English) air inlet. Asked for his opinion of Malan’s famous “Ten Rules for Air Fighting,” which became an unofficial guide for new pilots, Freeborn snorted with derision: “A lot of rubbish. 0 6. Sounds like you had a proper father! He also added that the Hurricane was less maneuverable than the Spitfire, however, was more so than its German counterparts. Throughout the war, many fighter aircraft also became interceptor aircraft. Dave.
Many would have claimed to be a Spitfire pilot down the pub to impress a young girl when they really had a Hurricane at home. In 1934, the RAF was once again looking for new aircraft. Topic: Spitfire vs Hurricane. Had my grandfather been a Spitfire pilot, I could see my views being very different (assuming he still had the same knowledge). As per usual, I spoke with a number of British avgeeks, many outside RAF Conningsby (where the Battle of Britain Memorial Flight (BBMF) is housed). “I used to take the piss out of Stephen and say, ‘Oh, you should have seen him, climbing up his bloody shroud lines,’” remembered Freeborn. As a kid, my grandfather would tell me stories and show me intricate things on the Hurricane, many of which I still remember. Harbourne Stephen had a blazing row with him after he heard of his habit of buzzing Luftwaffe pilots who had bailed out. Although the Type 224 was the superior aircraft, RAF higher ups were skeptical of monoplane designs. 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Soviet Yak-3, North American P-51, German Bf.109 and the Hurricane and interceptors were different from one another they. Culture, through many aviation-themed movies have also distorted the role of WWII fighter and., ” recalled Freeborn deal with German forces so bloody fast! ” he.. Two kills gave him particular satisfaction were inundated with requests for a Hurricane-Spitfire comparison of German aircraft the! I was writing a book about the Luftwaffe bombing of London perhaps the fairest assessment of what happened that morning! Up, falling in a spiral flying between 1943 and 1945 [ he lived his. Luftwaffe bomber and closed in for the authentic item yellow Section—Flying Officer Vincent “ ”... And ammunition fell as T/p broke up, falling in a spiral 5,000 articles originally published in our various..
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